The Great Plateau

Summary
The Great Plateau is a location in Breath of The Wild. There is only one inhabitant other than Link on the Great Plateau, that inhabitant being The Old Man, or King Rhoam Bosphoramus Hyrule. The Great Plateau is home to 4 shrines and The Shrine of Resurrection.

Main Game
The Shrine of Resurrection is where Link wakes up at the beginning of the game. Link is called to by Zelda and wakes up, Zelda tells Link he has be sleeping for 100 years. Zelda then urges Link to take the Sheikah Slate. After taking the Shekiah slate a door opens and Link gets well worn trousers and an old shirt. After going outside of the Shrine of resurrection there is a cutscene overlooking Hyrule.

DLC
In the BoTW DLC the Shrine of Resurrection is where Link receives the One-Hit Obliterator draining his health to a quarter of a heart, but it also one shots any enemy. It will be drained after 3 hits, so be wary and leave time for it to recharge. (P.S. this doesn't take long to recharge, maybe about the time a Flameblade or something would recharge.)

This is in accordance with a quest.

It will send you on a mission to find 4 shrines to complete. All these must be done with the One-Hit Obliterator equipped. Then after completion, you will be called to 4 locations on the map to and challenge more shrines.

Great Plateau Tower
After waking up Link is called to go to the point on his Sheikah Slate. Once he reaches the Great Plateau Tower he is told to put his Sheikah Slate in the pedestal. After Link does that all the towers rise across the land and all the Shrines activate and Link gains a map of the Great Plateau on his Shiekah Slate. Once Link gets down from the tower he is confronted by the Old Man who takes him to the Oman Au Shrine and promises Link his paraglider for the treasure inside the shrine.

Main Game
The Oman Au shrine is the first shrine in the game. The shrine starts with Link going inside through some sort of Shiekah elevator. He then walks to a pedestal that looks like the one in the Great Plateau Tower the pedestal gives him the Magnesis Rune.

DLC
Next to the Oman Au shrine you can find a chest with 1 ruby in it.

Temple Of Time
The Temple of Time is a mysterious abandoned temple found on the Great Plateau. After beating all of the Shrines the Old Man tells you to find him in the Temple of Time. After getting a heart or stamina wheel, the Old Man will call you to the top of the temple. The Old Man then reveals himself as King Rhoam the former king of Hyrule. A skippable cutscene then plays about the fall of Hyrule. Link then recieves the Paraglider and a quest to go to Kakariko Village. King Rhoam then fades away. There is a chest on the top of the temple that contains a Knight's Bow.